If we want to understand just how significant Benjamin Franklin’s role in shaping the U.S government was. Then we need to see what events had influenced his life and led him to the level he was at. Benjamin Franklin was a self taught man, and an avid reader. He understood things that most people either had to be taught, or could never understand. I guess you could call him a genius. Along with his amazing mind, Franklin was a man of incredible virtue. He was a man who believed strongly in order, justice, and humility. Looking at just a few traits of this fascinating man, it is no surprise that he had a huge role in shaping the government we live in today.
Early on Ben Franklin wasn’t a likely revolutionary in the least bit. He was a loyal Englishman, and he saw America as an equal part of the British Empire. He referred to england as home, and considered himself a citizen of both England, and Philadelphia. But Benjamin wasn’t stupid. He soon realized that if the colonies continued to be under british rule then the oppression would never stop. Mr. Franklin then slowly developed into the revolutionary that we all know.
Benjamin’s contributions didn’t take place on the battlefield, but rather in government buildings. His skills in writing and negotiating, and his clear vision on the way he believed things should be helped him influence the united states greatly. Ben is the only founding father to have signed all four documents that helped create the
United States. The Declaration of Independence in 1776, the Treaty of Alliance in 1778, the Treaty of Peace in 1782, and finally the Constitution in 1787. He even helped write parts of the Declaration of independence, and the Constitution. Some would say that no other individual was more involved in our nation being birthed.
Ben wasn’t always focused only on the big picture. He strove to make everyday life better in the city. He was a postmaster, and helped set up the postal system in Philadelphia. He also started the Union Fire Company in 1736 in an attempt to make Philadelphia a safer city. In 1775 Benjamin Franklin set up America’s first fire insurance company. And if that’s not enough, he also organized a night watch and militia to keep the peace in Philadelphia.
Benjamin Franklin was also a prolific inventor, he made revolutionary discoveries, and also small seemingly unimportant inventions. In 1784 he invented what we now call bifocals. Franklin was tired of taking his glasses on and off to read and to see distances, so he came up with the idea of having two types of lenses in the same glasses. Benjamin also discovered many things about electricity, and came up with many terms we use now such as; battery, conductor, positively, charge, plus, negatively, condensor, minus, and armature. Ben also invented the lightning rod. He wanted to protect houses from the destruction of lightning. He took a rod attached it to a roof, and connected it to the ground with a wire. He also invented may other things. For example; the franklin stove, he mapped the gulf stream, he invented swim fins, a flexible urinary catheter. and an odometer.
Seeing all these things that Ben did, and was leaves no doubt in my mind that he was the most influential of the founding fathers. HIs care for others, and drive to make the world better make this man truly outstanding.
American Government
Wednesday, January 23, 2013
Failed Slavery Amendment
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The man who proposed this amendment |
This failed amendment, proposed in 1861, basically stated that the government had no right to interfere with any domestic institutions of the United States. And specifically mentioned slavery. This means that if it was ratified, then the government would not have had the power to abolish slavery.
I think this amendment was proposed because anti slavery was starting to get popular in the United States, and people were starting to get scared that slavery would be abolished by the government. This was a last ditch effort to try and take away the government’s ability to do that. I was obviously proposed a little to late because it was only ratified by two states. I think nobody liked this proposed amendment because they started to realize that slavery was barbaric, and inhuman.
If this amendment were proposed today there would probably be outrage. Nowadays there is such a focus on equality and social justice, that there is no possible way that it would be ratified. Whoever proposed the amendment would be eaten alive, and hated by everyone around. So, in conclusion. There is no possible way that this amendment would be even proposed to congress, and even less chance it would be ratified.
Source: http://www.usconstitution.net/constamfail.html
Changing the Constitution
The act of changing the text or interpretation of the U.S constitution is called an amendment. There are two types of amendments to the constitution. A formal amendment, and an informal one. The very basic difference between the two is the process in which they are proposed and ratified.
A formal amendment is where something is added to the end of the constitution. It could be something that changes a statement already in the constitution, or it could introduce an entire new concept. Every time a formal amendment is introduced it must first go through two steps. It must be proposed on a national level, and then ratified at the state level. There are four different ways to go through these levels. The first two are where the congress proposes and either the state legislature, or the state convention ratifies. The second two are where the national convention proposes, and either the state legislature or convention ratifies.
An informal amendment doesn’t actually change any of the wording or add anything to the constitution. There are five ways an informal amendment can be made to the constitution. The first is a judicial interpretation. The supreme court has a very heavy influence on the constitution because it has the power to decide how it is interpreted. The second way is by legislation. When the congress passes a law they are interpreting the constitution and making a law to uphold it. The third way is executive changes. This is where the president makes an interpretation on what the constitution says. The fourth is, customs. There are certain customs in place that all presidents do that aren’t outlined in the constitution. For example, the president choosing a cabinet. And the fifth being party practices. The constitution doesn’t mention anything about republicans and democrats but it plays a huge role in the way the government is run today.
These practices of changing the constitution are quite necessary. The world, and this nation have changed so much over the years that if there was no ability to make amendments to the constitution it probably wouldn’t exist anymore. While the constitution has a lot of power to hold people back from having to much power, and treating others unjustly. It also has the flexibility to change or add things to make it more relevant to the world we live in today.
Tuesday, January 22, 2013
My Own Federal Budget
I was somewhat successful at creating the federal budget. I cut the deficit by 142.22 billion dollars. But in all of reality, that is a very small amount compared to what the total deficit is. In order to cut the deficit, I had to make some budget cuts that I had a hard making. For example, I had to cut some money from medicaid grants. I think that sometimes people have to just cut certain things and deal with the consequences in order to make an attempt at lowering the deficit.
Balancing this budget was extremely hard. There are so many different things that the government has to pay for. I think that maybe a solution could be handing over some of the other things to private businesses or organizations to deal with financially. For example, maybe the government could make cuts or even eliminate the postal service and let other businesses take that over for profit. Having the government regulate the postal service used to be way more important than it actually is now.
I think that congress has their work cut out for them when it comes to the federal budget. I think that it would be extremely hard to get the right amount of people to agree on certain cuts. Everybody has different priorities and things that they value. And I think that those opinions could clash heavily when it comes to the federal budget.
Spending$424.27 billion: Military Spending
$111.17 billion: Iraq and Afghanistan Operations
$118.92 billion: Military Retirement
$29.69 billion: International affairs
$18.93 billion: Science, Space and Technology
$30.65 billion: Natural Resources and Environment
$25.59 billion: Agriculture
$68.74 billion: Transportation
$20.48 billion: Community & regional development
$71.79 billion: Education
$47.81 billion: Training, labor and unemployment
$209.71 billion: Non-Medicare Health
$345.76 billion: Medicare
$65.31 billion: Civilian Retirement (Social Security excluded)
$216.38 billion: Aid to Low-Income Families
$25.91 billion: General Family Support
$490.34 billion: Social security
$43.1 billion: Administration of justice
$16.96 billion: General government administration
$211.08 billion: Net interest
Tax Expenditures and Tax Cuts$269.76 billion: 2001 and 2003 Tax Cuts
$60.36 billion: Corporate Tax Breaks
$86.71 billion: Personal Business & Investment Benefits
$168.47 billion: Pension & Retirement Deductions
$140.99 billion: Health Insurance Tax Benefits
$163.71 billion: Housing tax benefits
$159.99 billion: Other individual deductions and exemptions
Spending ($2555.92 billion: cut $117.07 billion)
Military Spending ($424.27 billion: cut $21.83 billion)$106.57 billion .... Military personnel (No Change)$138.26 billion .... Operation and maintenanceCut $15.35 bil. from base of $153.619 bil.(-10%)$72.75 billion ..... ProcurementCut $8.08 bil. from base of $80.836 bil.(-10%)$68.13 billion ..... Research, development, test and evaluation (No Change)$17.76 billion ..... Military Construction, Family Housing and OtherIncreased $1.62 bil. from base of $16.145 bil.( 10%)$17.99 billion ..... Atomic Energy Defense Activities (No Change)$2.81 billion ...... Defense Related activities (No Change)
Iraq and Afghanistan Operations ($111.17 billion)$105 billion ....... Military Operations (No Change)$6.17 billion ...... Reconstruction aidCut $0.67 bil. from base of $6.851 bil.(-10%)
Military Retirement ($118.92 billion: increased $3.44 billion)$40.83 billion ..... Military retirement (No Change)$36.34 billion ..... Income security for veterans (No Change)$3.24 billion ...... Veterans education, training, and rehabilitation (No Change)$37.79 billion ..... Hospital and medical care for veterans and retired militaryIncreased $3.44 bil. from base of $34.353 bil.( 10%)$0.72 billion ...... Housing and other veterans benefits and services (No Change)
International affairs ($29.69 billion: cut $1.89 billion)$13 billion ........ International development and humanitarian assistance (No Change)$7.57 billion ...... International military aidCut $1.89 bil. from base of $9.466 bil.(-20%)$7.97 billion ...... Conduct of foreign affairs (No Change)$1.15 billion ...... Foreign information and exchange activities (No Change)
General science, space, and technology ($18.93 billion: cut $5.03 billion)$5.06 billion ...... National Science Foundation programsCut $0.55 bil. from base of $5.618 bil.(-10%)$3.44 billion ...... Department of Energy general science programs (No Change)$10.43 billion ..... Space flight, research, and supporting activitiesCut $4.46 bil. from base of $14.905 bil.(-30%)
Non-Defense Energy Spending ($2.23 billion)$0.73 billion ...... Energy supply (No Change)$1.14 billion ...... Energy conservation and preparednessIncreased $0.11 bil. from base of $1.034 bil.( 10%)$0.36 billion ...... Energy information, preparedness, & regulation (No Change)
Natural resources and environment ($30.65 billion)$5.45 billion ...... Water resources (No Change)$9.07 billion ...... Conservation and land management (No Change)$3.12 billion ...... Recreational & Park resources (No Change)$8.42 billion ...... Pollution control and abatement (No Change)$4.59 billion ...... Other natural resourcesCut $0.5 bil. from base of $5.101 bil.(-10%)
Agriculture ($25.59 billion)$21.73 billion ..... Farm income stabilization & crop insurance (No Change)$3.86 billion ...... Agricultural research and servicesCut $0.42 bil. from base of $4.288 bil.(-10%)
Commerce and Housing Loan Programs ($5.09 billion: cut $1.72 billion)$-4.28 billion ..... Federal Housing Loan Programs (No Change)$1.52 billion ...... Postal serviceCut $0.64 bil. from base of $2.174 bil.(-30%)$-0.86 billion ..... Deposit insuranceIncreased $0.11 bil. from base of $-.966 bil.(-10%)$7.17 billion ...... Universal service fundCut $0.78 bil. from base of $7.963 bil.(-10%)$1.54 billion ...... Other advancement of commerceCut $0.38 bil. from base of $1.931 bil.(-20%)
Transportation ($68.74 billion: cut $1.92 billion)$32.86 billion ..... Highways and highway safetyCut $3.64 bil. from base of $36.512 bil.(-10%)$11.06 billion ..... Mass transitIncreased $2.55 bil. from base of $8.506 bil.( 30%)$0.55 billion ...... RailroadsCut $0.05 bil. from base of $.607 bil.(-10%)$17.26 billion ..... Air Transportion (No Change)$6.63 billion ...... Water transportationCut $0.73 bil. from base of $7.368 bil.(-10%)$0.38 billion ...... Other transportationCut $0.03 bil. from base of $.422 bil.(-10%)
Community and regional development ($20.48 billion: increased $1.38 billion)$5.63 billion ...... Community developmentCut $0.61 bil. from base of $6.252 bil.(-10%)$2.86 billion ...... Area and regional development (No Change)$11.99 billion ..... Disaster relief and insuranceIncreased $2 bil. from base of $9.990 bil.( 20%)
Education ($71.79 billion: increased $7.72 billion)$46.29 billion ..... Elementary, Secondary & Vocational educationIncreased $7.72 bil. from base of $38.572 bil.( 20%)$22.27 billion ..... Higher education (No Change)$3.23 billion ...... Research and general education (No Change)
Training, labor and unemployment ($47.81 billion)$6.88 billion ...... Training and employment (No Change)$1.6 billion ....... Labor law, statistics, and other administration (No Change)$39.33 billion ..... Unemployment compensation (No Change)
Non-Medicare Health Spending ($209.71 billion: cut $43.6 billion)$154.17 billion .... Medicaid grantsCut $38.54 bil. from base of $192.718 bil.(-20%)$6.23 billion ...... State Children's Health Insurance (No Change)$3.17 billion ...... Indian health (No Change)$3.89 billion ...... Substance abuse and mental health servicesIncreased $0.65 bil. from base of $3.239 bil.( 20%)$4.7 billion ....... Disease control, public health and bioterrorism (No Change)$26.43 billion ..... Health research and trainingCut $2.92 bil. from base of $29.362 bil.(-10%)$2.41 billion ...... Food safety and occupational health and safetyCut $0.59 bil. from base of $3.007 bil.(-20%)$8.71 billion ...... Other health care servicesCut $2.17 bil. from base of $10.886 bil.(-20%)
Medicare ($345.76 billion)$182.76 billion .... Hospital insurance (HI) (No Change)$115.14 billion .... Supplementary medical insurance (SMI) (No Change)$46.7 billion ...... Prescription drug benefit (No Change)$1.16 billion ...... Health care fraud (No Change)
Civilian Retirement (Social Security excluded) ($65.31 billion: cut $6.71 billion)$4.89 billion ...... Civilian retirement and disability insurance (No Change)$52.4 billion ...... Federal employee retirement and disabilityCut $5.81 bil. from base of $58.223 bil.(-10%)$8.02 billion ...... Federal employees' and retired employees' health benefitsCut $0.88 bil. from base of $8.912 bil.(-10%)
Aid to Low-Income Families ($216.38 billion: increased $9.61 billion)$38.45 billion ..... Housing assistance (No Change)$45.1 billion ...... Food stampsIncreased $7.52 bil. from base of $37.581 bil.( 20%)$19.3 billion ...... Other nutrition programs (WIC, school lunches) (No Change)$38.66 billion ..... Supplemental security income (SSI) (No Change)$20.03 billion ..... Family support payments (TANF)Increased $1.82 bil. from base of $18.209 bil.( 10%)$34.05 billion ..... Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) (No Change)$13.15 billion ..... Child tax credit (No Change)$4.8 billion ....... Child care funds (No Change)$2.84 billion ...... Other aid to low-income familiesIncreased $0.26 bil. from base of $2.581 bil.( 10%)
General Family Support ($25.91 billion)$6.56 billion ...... Foster care and adoption assistance (No Change)$3.21 billion ...... Child support and family support programsIncreased $0.29 bil. from base of $2.921 bil.( 10%)$16.14 billion ..... Social and family services (No Change)
Social security ($490.34 billion: cut $54.47 billion)$408.96 billion .... Old-age and survivors insurance(OASI)Cut $45.43 bil. from base of $454.400 bil.(-10%)$81.38 billion ..... Disability insurance (DI)Cut $9.03 bil. from base of $90.421 bil.(-10%)
Administration of justice ($43.1 billion)$11.35 billion ..... Federal law enforcement (No Change)$10.46 billion ..... Border security and immigration (No Change)$10.91 billion ..... Federal litigation and judicial activities (No Change)$6.16 billion ...... Federal prison system (No Change)$4.22 billion ...... Criminal justice assistance (No Change)
General government administration ($16.96 billion)$3.3 billion ....... Legislative functionsCut $0.36 bil. from base of $3.671 bil.(-10%)$1.03 billion ...... Executive office programsCut $0.1 bil. from base of $1.140 bil.(-10%)$9.8 billion ....... IRS & other fiscal opertations (No Change)$2.83 billion ...... Other general governmentCut $0.3 bil. from base of $3.145 bil.(-10%)
Net_interest_long ($211.08 billion)$211.08 billion .... Net Interest (No Change)
Undistributed offsetting receipts and allowance ($-43.99 billion)$-43.99 billion .... Undistributed offsetting receipts and allowance (No Change)
Tax Expenditures and Tax Cuts ($1049.99 billion: cut $25.13 billion)
2001 and 2003 Tax Cuts ($269.76 billion: cut $25.12 billion)$105.26 billion .... Benefits for Richest 1% of TaxpayersCut $11.69 bil. from base of $116.9562 bil.(-10%)$25.98 billion ..... Benefits for Next Richest 4%Cut $2.88 bil. from base of $28.8708 bil.(-10%)$53.03 billion ..... Benefits for Next Richest 15%Cut $5.88 bil. from base of $58.92 bil.(-10%)$43.6 billion ...... Benefits for Next 20% of Taxpayers (No Change)$41.89 billion ..... Benefits for Bottom 60% of TaxpayersCut $4.65 bil. from base of $46.546 bil.(-10%)
Corporate Tax Breaks ($60.36 billion)$15.74 billion ..... Untaxed Foreign Profits (No Change)$9.87 billion ...... R&D Tax Breaks (No Change)$4.05 billion ...... Energy, Mining and Timber Tax Breaks (No Change)$9.93 billion ...... Tax Free Bonds (No Change)$20.77 billion ..... Other Corporate Tax Breaks (No Change)
Personal Business & Investment Benefits ($86.71 billion)$30.38 billion ..... Lower tax rates on capital gains (excluding housing) (No Change)$28.76 billion ..... Step-up basis of capital gains at death (No Change)$23.01 billion ..... Tax-Free Bonds (No Change)$1.36 billion ...... Enterprise & Empowerment Zones and New Markets credit (No Change)$3.2 billion ....... Other personal investment tax breaks (No Change)
Pension & Retirement Deductions ($168.47 billion)$51.05 billion ..... Employer-paid Pensions (No Change)$58.12 billion ..... 401Ks & Keogh plans (No Change)$7.31 billion ...... IRAs (No Change)$29.48 billion ..... Group and personal life insurance benefits (No Change)$19.77 billion ..... Untaxed Social Security benefits (No Change)$2.74 billion ...... Other retirement benefits (No Change)
Health Insurance Tax Benefits ($140.99 billion)$125.69 billion .... Employer-paid Health Insurance (No Change)$4.33 billion ...... Self-employed medical insurance premiums (No Change)$1.83 billion ...... Medical Savings/Health Savings Accounts (No Change)$9.14 billion ...... Deductibility of medical expenses (No Change)
Housing tax benefits ($163.71 billion)$76.03 billion ..... Mortgage Interest (No Change)$14.83 billion ..... Deductibility of property taxes on homes (No Change)$36.27 billion ..... Capital gains exclusion on home sales (No Change)$29.72 billion ..... Exclusion of net imputed rental income on owner-occupied homes (No Change)$2.11 billion ...... Housing bonds & low-income housing investments (No Change)$4.75 billion ...... Exception from passive loss rules for $25,000 of rental loss (No Change)
Other individual deductions and exemptions ($159.99 billion)$37.89 billion ..... Charitable contributions (No Change)$34.62 billion ..... State and local taxes (w/o home property) (No Change)$6.55 billion ...... Soldiers and veterans tax benefits (No Change)$5.94 billion ...... Workmen's compensation (No Change)$14.01 billion ..... Education deductions and credits (No Change)$32.81 billion ..... Child credit (No Change)$2.81 billion ...... Child care credits and deductions (No Change)$2 billion ......... Deduction for the blind and elderly (No Change)$7.86 billion ...... Social Security benefits for disabled and survivors (No Change)$3.76 billion ...... Untaxed foreign personal income (No Change)
http://www.nathannewman.org/nbs/
Monday, January 21, 2013
National Right To Life Group

The National Right to Life is an interest group standing for the lives of those who can’t represent themselves. Their most known for their stance against abortion. But they are also against stem cell research. Concerning abortion, they believe when the child’s heart starts beating it becomes a life, and this often happens before the mother knows she’s pregnant. They believe abortion is an act of murder and that it takes away the life of the child within the womb.
A fair amount of the group's support goes towards the younger generations. They hold a pro-life speech competition. In these competitions high school seniors and juniors compete at state level competitions. The winners of these state level competitions go on to compete at the Nation Right to Life Convention. They also hold an essay competition. Again high school juniors and seniors write essays that they then submit to be judged. The top three contestants at each level earn cash rewards.
Both these competitions are incentives to get high school students to avidly look into and research topics such as abortion, and give reasons for why they are pro-life. Another way the National Right to Life interest group influences the younger generations is by holding a National Right to Life Academy. In this Academy college level students are given tools to empower themselves to carry the fight in the future against abortion.
The National Right to Life Committee also launches a grassroot campaign during Life Week. The campaign consists of setting a goal for 250,000 emails to be sent to members of congress.
The National Right to Life also holds grassroot organizations across the country. Leaders of these grassroot organization are then encouraged to go to the National Right to Life Convention. At this convention hundreds of pro-life speakers give presentations against abortion, and they last for about three days.
Sources:
1. National Right to Life. 12/12/12. <http://www.nrlc.org/>
2. National RIght to Life Political Action Committee. 12/12/12. <http://www.nrlpac.org/>
3. Brian Tashman. 3/2/12. 12/12/12. <http://www.rightwingwatch.org/category/organizations/national-right-to-life-committee>
Election of 1976


Based solely on the advertising I would have voted for Jimmy Carter. He effectively portrayed his character and willingness to restore our nation to greatness. Like I said before, his biography had me emotionally stirred. I almost wished that we had a candidate like that in office or running now.
Obviously Jimmy Carter won this election. I think that the way he portrayed himself as an honest hard working man had one him the election. Although Ford attacked him on some of his stances on issues, the people of America saw character as more important on this election.
Friday, January 18, 2013
John Jenkins
Platform:
Military Preparedness- Favors a well-trained, and highly motivated, volunteer armed force. Believes in new and sophisticated weapons which will require fewer people and will result in less war casualties. He will withdraw armed forces from nations that are able to defend themselves, such as Japan, and Germany.
Monetary Policy- He wants to abolish the Federal Reserve System. Qualified entrepreneurs will be able to borrow money to invest in job-creating enterprises from state banks with minimal interest.
States Rights- Believes the federal government has become too intrusive. He calls for a very strict interpretation on the 10th amendment.
Taxation and Spending- Favors a balanced budget with limited government spending. Wants to limit the taxing powers of congress.
Health Care- Opposes government-sponsored healthcare plan. Believes that each state should get to determine it's own method of dealing with healthcare.
Bio:
John Jenkins was born on January 20th, 1978, in New York City. He was raised in a family that struggled with paying the bills. His father George had once been a very successful business man, but when his business fell he resorted to alcohol. John's mother left the family when George's problem was getting out of control, and she left John with him.
At the age of 16, John moved in with a good friend's family. There he started to develop the desire to be a man of influence. His new father figure was a former congressman and dedicated member of the prohibition party. He had run for president several times as the party's nominee never exceeding 2.3% of the votes. John wanted to be just like this man and maybe run for president just like he did.
Upon graduating from St. Peters boys high school on Staten Island, John went to Kings College in New York City. After a year he transferred to Harvard Law to better pursue his goal of becoming a successful politician. Upon graduating from Harvard, John got a job as a legal advisor for the governor of New York. After two years of this John became a member of the prohibition party and decided to run for governor himself. He lost the campaign by a pretty considerable margin. But the next election he ran for state treasurer and won.
John stayed as treasurer for 6 years until he ran for congress in 2006. The people of New York liked him so he won and became a U.S congressman. He has kept that job till now, where he has become the prohibition party's nominee for president.
Campaign Speech:
I know that I, John Jenkins am the best, and most equipped candidate to become the president of this fine country. I, like many of you here, have come from a very rough background. But I have fought through the trials in my life and have come out with firsthand experience of some of the worst this world can throw at a person. I understand the hardship and pain that you are struggling with. My mother left when i was 6 years old, and I lived with an alcoholic abusive father for 10 years of my life. I was at my lowest point when a caring man and his family took me in as family. They treated me like I was of value. I believe that this kind of kindness and generosity is what the founders of this country saw as the future.
The government over the years has destroyed these values by continually altering the constitution to where the founding fathers would barely recognize it. What this country needs is to stop overcomplicating everything and to return to the foundation of this country. If you have more money then most people you shouldn't be forced to pay more taxes then everyone else, but you should freely give to the poor what you have in excess.
The technology we have in this day in age is unparalleled, and we should be using it to relieve troops. Instead of spending so much money on recruiting and paying soldiers lets have a volunteer armed forces, with money going towards advancements in technological weapons. So that we can send less troops into war and save the casualties drastically. I believe there is no reason to have troops that could be utilized elsewhere in countries that can defend themselves. I would pull all our troops from these places, like Japan, and germany.
I believe I have the qualities and experience to effectively represent the fine people of this country. And to restore this great nation to the values and greatness that the founding fathers had in mind when they created the constitution. and that Abraham Lincoln had when he abolished slavery.
Thank You.
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